Lung transplantation inevitably occur graft ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), it seriously affects the overall prognosis of patients. How to prevent and treatafter lung transplantation is still a worldwide problem. At present, a large number of studies have found that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) can treat hypoxemic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension after lung transplantation, and has great potential for the prevention and treatment of IRI. This review summarizes the mechanism of iNO in preventing and treating IRI after lung transplantation, discusses the optimal timing, concentration and duration of conducting iNO, further analyzing its efficacy, safety and side effects under specific application conditions to provide guidance for clinic.