Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common acute brain dysfunction syndrome after surgery.. Delirium is an independent factor affecting the overall prognosis of elderly patients after surgery. At present, the main drug treatments for POD in clinical practice are antipsychotic drugs and sedatives such as dexmedetomidine, but the potential cardiovascular and mortality risks limit the use of drugs. non pharmacological interventions targeting risk factors have become a key research direction for the prevention and treatment of POD. Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TEAS) is an important complementary and alternative therapy that integrates traditional Chinese meridian and acupoint theory with percutaneous nerve electrical stimulation technology. It plays an important role and has clinical value in the prevention and treatment of POD. This article reviews the influencing factors of POD and the research progress of TEAS in the prevention and treatment of POD in elderly patients, aiming to provide theoretical basis and reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of POD.