Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation on rapid recovery of patients undergoing subarachnoid block anorectal surgery. Methods: Patients with subarachnoid block for anorectal surgery, totaling 138 cases, admitted from April 2020 to March 2023 were randomly divided into an observation group (69 cases) and a control group (69 cases). The control group received sham stimulation, while the observation group received transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation. The first urination time, waiting time for the first urination, volume of the first urination, bloating sensation score, incidence of urinary retention, catheterization rate due to urinary retention, urination smoothness score, regression time of the anesthetic plane, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, gastrointestinal function (I-FEED score), and 15-item Quality of Recovery Scale (QoR-15) score were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the first urination time, the first urination waiting time, and the bladder fullness score of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group, and the first urination volume was higher than that of the control group (P0.05). After treatment, the incidence of urinary retention, the rate of catheterization due to urinary retention, the urination smoothness score, and the regression time of the anesthetic plane in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores at 1 hour, 12 hours, and 24 hours postoperatively in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P0.05). After treatment, the I-FEED scores at 24 hours and 48 hours postoperatively in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the QoR-15 scores at 24 hours and 48 hours postoperatively in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P0.05).