Abstract: Surgical patients are routinely advised to fast preoperatively to prevent perioperative aspiration, but the current widespread extension of preoperative fasting times has adverse effects on patients. Measures such as appropriately shortening fasting times and preoperative carbohydrate intake have been proven to reduce patient discomfort and improve outcomes without increasing the risk of aspiration. This article reviews the current state of preoperative fasting and fluid restrictions, explores the potential hazards associated with excessively prolonged restrictions, discusses recent research findings, and suggests feasible measures for implementing appropriate fasting and fluid intake durations before surgery.
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