国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2025, Issue (4): 0-0
    
术前禁食禁饮的临床研究进展
王辰阳, 高昌俊1()
1.空军军医大学唐都医院
Clinical research progress on preoperative fasting
 全文:
摘要:

手术患者术前常规禁食禁饮以预防围手术期反流误吸的发生,但目前临床术前禁食禁饮时间的普遍延长对患者带来了不利影响。适当缩短禁食禁饮时间、术前服用碳水化合物等已被证明在不增加反流误吸风险的同时减少了患者的不适体验,改善了患者预后。本文综述术前禁食禁饮现状、术前禁食禁饮时间过长的危害、术前禁食禁饮的当前研究结果以及落实术前禁食禁饮合理时间的可行性措施。

关键词: 术前;禁食;禁饮;碳水化合物;
Abstract:

Surgical patients are routinely advised to fast preoperatively to prevent perioperative aspiration, but the current widespread extension of preoperative fasting times has adverse effects on patients. Measures such as appropriately shortening fasting times and preoperative carbohydrate intake have been proven to reduce patient discomfort and improve outcomes without increasing the risk of aspiration. This article reviews the current state of preoperative fasting and fluid restrictions, explores the potential hazards associated with excessively prolonged restrictions, discusses recent research findings, and suggests feasible measures for implementing appropriate fasting and fluid intake durations before surgery.

Key words: Preoperative; Fasting; Carbohydrates;