Perioperative blood glucose management is crucial for reducing postoperative complications and improving outcomes. Compared with the traditional perioperative blood glucose testing methods, continuous glucose monitoring can continuously obtain patients' blood glucose information and provide a more comprehensive understanding of patients' perioperative blood glucose fluctuations, so as to timely detect hyper- or hypoglycemia as well as elevated blood glucose variability. In this article, we would like to review the adverse events related to perioperative dysglycemia as well as the clinical application and evaluation criteria of continuous glucose monitoring systems. It will provide a reference for exploring the clinical value of intraoperative continuous glucose monitoring system in perioperative glucose management and improving patients' surgical prognosis.