Objective To construct an intelligent information management process of anesthetic and psychotropic drug prescription for inpatients in anesthesia and surgery department based on failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Methods Based on the FMEA method, the risk points in the whole process of anesthetic and psychoactive drug prescription management were identified, the risk points for priority improvement were determined by calculating the risk priority number (RPN), in the process of anesthetic and psychoactive drug prescription management in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, four main dimensions were identified, including personnel, prescription, signature and system, involving 14 failure modes with medium and high‑risk levels. The corresponding intelligent reform measures were formulated, and the implementation effect was evaluated. Results After the implementation of information intelligence reform, 14 failure modes were all reduced to low and medium risk, and the RPN value was 45.36±16.07 before the implementation and 11.79±5.71 after the implementation. The qualified prescription rate increased from 86.7% to 98.9%; the accuracy rate of anesthetic and psychotropic drugs batch number, the completeness rate of special registration, and the awareness rate of knowledge were improved; the prescribing time and checking time of medical staff were shortened; the job satisfaction of medical staff was improved, and the differences were significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions Based on the FMEA method to build the anesthetic and psychiatric drug prescribing information intelligent management reform not only reduces the anesthetic and psychiatric drug prescription management risk value but also significantly raises the qualification rate of prescription, greatly saves manpower cost, enhances the medication safety.