The Anesthesia Intensive Care Unit (AICU) primarily admits high-risk patients with multiple comorbidities prior to surgery and those experiencing severe adverse events during surgery. Anesthesiologists employ various specialized anesthetic techniques, such as bedside ultrasonography and nerve block procedures, to reduce the risk of postoperative complications in these patients, ensuring continuity of care and improving their prognosis. This article provides an overview of the distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and monitoring and management strategies in the AICU, highlighting the unit's unique approach to treatment and management advantages.