Tracheobronchomegaly is a rare clinical condition characterized by marked dilatation of the trachea and main bronchi, where the mucosa protrudes in the shape of a fan to the cartilage ring, and in severe cases, with the formation of diverticula. The patients are mainly young and middle‑aged. As the disease progresses, some patients develop spontaneous pneumothorax and pestle finger due to the presence of pulmonary pustules and emphysema; respiratory failure may occur in the late stage of the disease. Anesthesiologists find it challenging to decide on airway management tools for such patients with large tracheal rings undergoing elective thoracic surgery. The article reports the anesthetic management of a patient with tracheobronchomegaly, who presented smooth intraoperative hemodynamics, with high quality of postoperative awakening, and successfully returned to the ward after extubation. The experience of this case is summarized, in order to provide a warning and reference for the anesthetic management of this type of patients.