手术与麻醉对神经细胞的抑制作用一直被认为是短暂、可逆的，然而随着临床研究的不断深入，已经确切证实手术与麻醉会造成不同程度的神经系统后遗症。围手术期神经认知功能障碍（perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction, PNCD）属于常见手术并发症之一，虽然我国临床诊疗水平已得到不断提升，但PNCD的发病率仍未得到有效改善，这也使PNCD受到越来越广泛的关注。目前PNCD的发病机制尚不明确，但已有确切证据认为部分标志物可能与PNCD有关。现对PNCD的生物标记物研究进展进行综述，以期为PNCD的防治提供帮助。
The suppression of nerve cells by surgery and anesthesia has long been considered to be transient and reversible. However, with the development of clinical research, it has been confirmed that surgery and anesthesia may cause neurological sequelae to various degrees. Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) is one of the common surgical complications. Despite the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment in China, the incidence of PNCD has not been effectively improved, and the disease has drawn increasing scientific attentions. Currently, the pathogenesis of PNCD is still not completely clear, but some evidence indicates the relationship between some biomarkers and PNCD.
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