At present, since the mechanism of occurrence and development of bone cancer pain (BCP) is sophisticated, it is still perplexing in the clinical practice. MicroRNA (miRNA), which plays a regulatory role at the post‑transcriptional level, may be involved in the BCP process. Therefore, the search for unique miRNA and biomarkers involved in the occurrence and development of BCP will be helpful for the treatment, clinical detection and diagnosis. In this paper, we reviewed recent researches and described how miRNA regulate osteoclast activation, promoted bone resorption and led to the formation of BCP. We also described how miRNA regulate different signaling pathways ［chemokine C‑X‑C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12)/chemokine C‑X‑C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling pathway, protein kinase A/cAMP‑response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway, et al］ that involved in the formation and development of BCP and how miRNA plays a role in BCP regulation by regulating neuronal plasticity and changing the expression of neuronal ion channels. Subsequently, This review summarizes the occurrence and development mechanism of BCP and provides help for clinical transformation.