Background　Anticoagulant treatment is of great importance in prevention and therapy of endovascular embolization or thrombosis diseases. Advantages of the new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) include rapid onset and elimination, accurate predictability of pharmacokinetics, less drug interactions, and no need for routine monitoring coagulation indicators.　Objective　To review recent progress in adjustment strategies of NOACs in perioperative period.　Content　To summarize the current pharmacological characteristics of NOACs, the risk of bleeding and management strategies in the period of operation, and the anesthetic treatment in certain circumstances.　Trend　The doses of NOACs should be actively evaluated and adjusted according to the specific situations. In addition, more attention need to be paid to the potential risk of bleeding resulted by NOACs in perioperative period.