Background　The cAMP response-element binding protein(CREB) is one of recently disclosed positive regulating factors of learning and memory. Recent evidences indicate that CREB may regulate learning and memory through multiple pathways.　Objective　To clarify the role and its relative mechanisms of CREB in regulating learning and memory，thus to provide insight in the preventive and therapeutic strategy for cognitive dysfunction diseases.　Content　The origination, structure, the role of CREB in regulating learning and memory and its mechanisms were discussed.　Trend　The exact upstream regulatory mechanism of CREB and its self-regulation need further studies. these studies on CREB might provide new targets and ideas for the prevention and treatment of cognitive disorder diseases.