Background　Generally, long-acting local anesthetic is used for analgesia in clinic, but low concentration may lead to inefficiency and high concentration may result in the block of motor function due to individual difference. Therefore, it does not meet the need of perfect analgesic effect.　Objective　To summarize the recent literature about the study of QX-314.　Content　The quaternary amine lidocaine derivative -QX-314 with permanent positive charge, dose not permeate the membrane passively. The recent studies showed that QX-314 could penetrate into nerve cell and blocked sodium channel through the transient receptor potential vanlloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) channel, and produced prolonged analgesia effect with little effect on the motor function.　Trend　The analgesic effect of QX-314 indicates a new way for the clinic use of regional anesthesia.