Background In conventional nerve block, the puncture location is based on anatomical landmarks in clinical practice, which usually leads to incomplete blockage and many side effects due to obesity and nerve distribution mutation. Objective In this review, we will introduce the effects of nerve block under the guidance of ultrasound and compare the effects with conventional block. Content This paper reviews recent progress in the clinical applications of brachial plexus block, transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, nerve blocks in children and other peripheral nerve blocks under the guidance of ultrasound or combined with nerve stimulator. Trend Ultrasound-guided nerve block has such advantages as noninvasion, direct vasualization of the target nerve and its surrounding structures, and thus improves the success rate of blockage as well as the safety and reduces complications and operating time.