国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2010, Issue (6): 2-2
    
Supreme喉罩联合七氟醚、丙泊酚顺序全麻在剖宫产中的应用(修改稿)
马保新, 郑辉利1()
1.厦门大学附属中山医院麻醉科
The application of sevoflurane,propofol sequence general anesthesia combine with Supreme laryngeal mask in the Cesarean section
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摘要:

目的 对Supreme喉罩联合七氟醚、丙泊酚顺序全麻在剖宫产中的应用进行临床观察。方法 60例ASA I-II级择期剖宫产的足月初产妇随机分为两组,每组30例,A组采用supreme喉罩联合七氟醚、丙泊酚顺序全麻,吸入(6-8)%七氟醚加(5-8)L/min氧诱导,置入Supreme喉罩,以(2-3)%七氟醚加(2-3)L/min氧维持麻醉至胎儿娩出,停七氟醚,改用丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼联合静脉泵注;B组采用腰硬联合麻醉,取L2-3或L3-4穿刺,蛛网膜下腔给予0.5%罗哌卡因9-12mg。两组产妇若出现术中低血压,经快速补液无法改善者予麻黄碱纠正。观察两组产妇麻醉开始至手术开始时间,失血量,术中低血压发生率,麻黄碱使用病例数,麻醉相关并发症发生率及出生后即刻、5min、10min的新生儿Apgar评分。结果 A组麻醉开始至手术开始时间较B组短,术中低血压发生率低,使用麻黄碱病例数及麻醉相关并发症少。两组失血量及新生儿Apgar评分均无统计学差异。结论 Supreme喉罩联合七氟醚、丙泊酚顺序全麻的主要优势在于吸入适当浓度的七氟醚对胎儿影响小,胎儿娩出后改用静脉麻醉减少了七氟醚对宫缩的影响,不增加失血量,术中低血压发生率低,且Supreme喉罩无需使用肌松剂,能有效防止返流、误吸,术后恢复快,是一种可安全应用于剖宫产手术的全身麻醉方法。

关键词: 七氟醚;丙泊酚;Supreme喉罩;全身麻醉;剖宫产
Abstract:

Objective To observe the application of sevoflurane,propofol sequence general anesthesia combine with Supreme laryngeal mask in the Cesarean section. Methods 60 cases parturient were randomly divided into sevoflurane,propofol sequence general combine with Supreme laryngeal mask group (group A) and infantile waist stiffness group (group B) with 30 cases each. Group A was administrated Supreme laryngeal-mask intubation after inhalation of (6-8)% sevoflurane in (5-8)L/min oxygen, then inhalation of (2-3)% sevoflurane in (2-3)L/min till the newborn delivery, and then used propofol combine with remifentanil to replace sevoflurane till the end of the operation. Group B was performed with spinal injection of ropivacaine9-12mg. The parturient undergone hypotension which could not recovered by fluid replacement was intravenous injection of ephedrine. To observe the time from anesthesia begin to operation begin, the volume of blood loss, the rate of low blood pressure and ephedrine to use, complication of anesthesia and Apgar scores at 0,5 and 10 minutes after delivery. RESULTS The time from anesthesia begin to operation begin was shorter in group A, the rate of low blood pressure, the rate of ephedrine to use and complication of anesthesia were lower in group A. The volume of blood loss and the Apgar scores at each time points were similar. CONCLUSION The effect of sevoflurane to the foetus is little and intravenous anesthesia replaced sevoflurane after the newborn delivery can reduce the effect of sevoflurane to the uterine contraction. And Supreme laryngeal mask can prevent back flow and aspiration efficiently. So the sevoflurane, propofol sequence general anesthesia combine with Supreme laryngeal mask is a comfortable and effective general anesthesia, which can apply in the Cesarean section safely.

Key words: sevoflurane;propofol;Supreme laryngeal mask;general anesthesia;cesarean section